SequoiaGigantea01

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Sequoias probably originated over 100 million years ago. Once widespread in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, the trees were almost exterminated by the ice sheets of the glacial ages. Several species are known only by fossil remains; some such fossils have been found in the Petrified Forest in Arizona. The two living species survive only in a narrow strip near the Pacific coast of the United States (Sequoia Sempervirens at higher elevations, and Sequoia Gigantea at lower coastal elevations). The redwood occurs along the coast of California and S Oregon, often in easily lumbered, pure stands. Growing 100 to 385 ft (30-117 m) high, it is probably the tallest tree in the world. The tree (Sequoia Sempervirens) is able to obtain the abundant moisture needed to sustain its towering growth by capturing water from regularly occurring ocean fogs. The water then drips down from the leaves and branches to the soil, where it penetrates to be absorbed by the roots. The redwood's trunk is 20 to 25 ft (6.1-7.6 m) in diameter, and its needle-like leaves are usually bluish green. Some redwoods are believed to be over 2,000 years old. The big tree, 150 to 325 ft (46-99 m) tall and with a trunk 10 to 30 ft (3-9.1 m) in diameter, grows on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada in California. It reaches an even greater age than the redwood; some individuals are believed to be 3,000 to 4,000 years old. The leaves are small, overlapping scales. Both trees have deeply grooved, reddish bark and soft, straight-grained, reddish heartwood whose resistance to decay makes it especially valuable for outdoor building purposes, e.g., for shingles, siding, and flumes. Sequoias are now being introduced into the Vancouver area with some success.

"The sap of the giant sequoia is nonresinous. The trees, once they have developed a heavy bark, are practically fireproof, which may account for their long life. Even if they are fire-damaged, the high tannin content of the sap has the same healing action that tannic acid has on human flesh when burned."—*Isaac Asimov's Book of Facts (1979), p. 178

Nothing can kill a mature sequoia, with the exception of man and his saws. Yet none of them are older than 4,000 years of age. They date back to the time of the Flood, and no farther.

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